What extent can we speak of a uniform impact of the cold war on Essay

What degree would we be able to discuss a uniform effect of the virus war on western europe in the period from 1950 to 1980 - Essay Example The conversation here will concentrate on Western Europe, all the more explicitly Britain, Spain, and Italy. After WWII, Europe was partitioned by Western Europe, partners of the United States, and Eastern Europe, which was constrained by manikin Russian socialist systems. The United States needed an autonomous Western Europe. Nonetheless, the United States just needed a free Europe, if the nations were industrialist. While the Western Europe nations didn't care for having Russia control half of Europe, with America affecting the other half, they acknowledged it to the other option. Brogi (2001, 76) cites John Gaddis following explanation: the hard the truth was that Britain, France, and their littler neighbors favored the known dangers of impact to the imponderables of a bound together third power that could conceivably fall under German or even Russian control. Therefore for the evasion of a third universal war, Western Europe endured the United States impact. â€Å"Indeed the Europeans demonstrated unequipped for conquering their antiquated competitions, however had the option to adjust and even advance reliance on the United States† (Borgi, 2001, 76). By relying upon the United States, Britain, Spain, and Italy could move the duty of shielding their countries from Russia to the United States. The United States turned into the defender of Britain, Spain, and Italy during the Cold War. When before the Cold War, these nations were increasingly reliant on European and self safeguarding against Russia and Germany. Extraordinary Britain and the United States have been partners previously and since both universal wars. Be that as it may, the United States, during the Cold War, demonstrated to Great Britain where the genuine force lay. For instance, when the Suez Canal emergency emerged, Great Britain and France needed to determine the issue militarily (Fraser, 2002, 74). The United States would not like to incite the Russian upheld Egyptian president, Nassar because of a paranoid fear of a whole new universal war. To stop France and

Developmental Psychology Essay Example for Free

Formative Psychology Essay Subjective improvement includes creating ideas of thought, critical thinking and memory (Green. 2002). Jean Piaget (1896-1980) and Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) were the two clinicians, which concentrated on psychological turn of events and the manner by which childrens thought and thinking created as they developed. This task will start by portraying and assessing the hypotheses set forward by Piaget and Vygotsky alluding to look into proof and giving an end. Piaget (1896-1980) was one of the most powerful scientists in the zone of formative brain science during the twentieth century and an as scholar was keen on the manner by which life forms adjust to their condition this was depicted by Piaget as knowledge. He saw conduct or the adjustment to the earth as being controlled through mental associations known as plans that the individual uses so as to speak to the world. Piaget recommended that adjustment is driven by an organic drive to acquire balance among plans and the earth, which is known as balance (Huitt. 2003). Inside Piagets research and compositions on subjective improvement he proposed that childrens considerations are less advanced than grown-ups as well as subjectively unique and this is because of less information (Jarvis. 2000).  It was considered by Piaget that the collaboration between the kid and their condition was the primary factor of impact on their intellectual turn of events. Piagets perspective on youngsters is that they are researchers and that they ought to be left to investigate their environmental factors allowing them the chance to decipher the world in their own particular manner. The dynamic inclusion in their own learning is depicted as a progression of constructions and that these compositions would change and create through each phase through the procedure of osmosis or convenience (Green. 2002). Piagets hypothesis depends on phases of improvement in which he accepted that all kids create at a similar age. There are four phases to his advancement hypothesis, which are sensorimotor (0-2 years) and the view that newborn children are building up their first blueprints (Meggitt. 2000). Item lastingness is the fundamental concentration inside this stage and the supposition by Piaget that kids matured five or a half year old couldn't comprehend that an article, which was secured, still exists. An explore indicated that an offspring of five or a half year demonstrated no intrigue once the toy was secured though a multi month old would connect for the toy and appear to get disturbed. Piagets understanding of this was the offspring of ten months had arrived at object lastingness and now has a pattern for the item. Rather than this Tom Bower and Jennifer Wishart (1972) contended that items do even now exist in babys minds in spite of the fact that they have been secured. To help their hypothesis a test was embraced utilizing an infrared camera. An article was offered to the infant and as they contacted get it the lights were turned off. The outcomes demonstrated that the child was all the while endeavoring to go after the toy in spite of the fact that they couldn't see it thus a clarification for Piagets hypothesis was that by covering the item the infant was occupied and not really that they had disregarded it. The subsequent stage is pre-operational stage (2-7 years). Egocentric reasoning prevails the kid (Huitt. 2003) inside this stage and they don't be able to comprehend things from another people perspective as indicated by Piaget. With the goal for this to be affirmed he set up an analysis. Three mountains were set before the kid and a doll was set in various seats around the table. Photos, which had been taken, were then appeared to the youngster and they were approached to highlight the image that the doll would see. As Piagets discoveries indicated that generally four or multi year olds highlighted photos which spoke to their perspective on the mountains he presumed that they were egocentric. Most kids matured seven that was approached to do a similar assignment effectively distinguished the photo reinforcing Piagets hypothesis. In spite of the fact that it was then contended by Martin Hughes (1975) that the assignment was excessively entangled for the youngster and accordingly concocted his own trial, which would negate Piagets discoveries. His examination included a model with two meeting dividers, two police officer figures and a figure of a kid. Subsequent to having a preliminary utilizing one police figure and the kid to guarantee the kid comprehended the assignment Hughes started his test. It was discovered that most kids could effectively assess two distinct perspectives. In this way one might say that Piagets test may have been unreasonably hard for the kid to see instead of the kid being egocentric.

Essay Topics For the Dead James Joyce Ap Lit Writer

Essay Topics For the Dead James Joyce Ap Lit WriterThere are a number of essay topics for the dead James Joyce Ap Lit writer that might help you be successful in your essay writing. In fact, I would encourage you to make the use of some of the following essay topics for the dead Joyce Ap Lit writer that could help you immensely in your essay writing. I have written an article on how to write essays.Now, you must know that you need not necessarily choose the best essay topics for the dead James Joyce Ap Lit writer. Although, one of the best subjects for essay writing is about the art form of literature. If you do a little homework, you will discover that it is not difficult to find essay topics for the dead James Joyce Ap Lit writer. The real challenge is in doing the research and then finding the perfect essay topic.You can actually locate essay topics for the dead James Joyce Ap Lit writer by going through some of the art review magazines and reading their articles. At times, these magazines are available online.You can also visit the website of James Joyce Ap Lit Writers, which is quite a large web site. They will have all the essay topics that the deceased author is associated with. But you should be aware that some of these essay topics might be too similar to his works.However, if you are really serious about writing about James Joyce Ap Lit, you can also search the Internet and get some good essays by that prolific author. Another method is to get a copy of some of his books. As far as I am concerned, I always stick to these essay topics for the dead James Joyce Ap Lit writer and try to write my own essay. It is not that hard at all.The essay topics for the dead James Joyce Ap Lit writers may include poetry, love poems, short stories, novel writing, TV writing, etc. When you are writing the essay, be sure to focus on what he is best known for.After getting a copy of the essay topics for the dead James Joyce Ap Lit writer, you will be able to write a good piece. Now, it is time to pay attention to the points that were mentioned above. It is important that you make the essay interesting and it is also important that you make the essay workable. So, make use of the essay topics for the dead James Joyce Ap Lit writer and try to write something of your own.

Who is The Hero of The Grapes of Wrath - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 595 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/13 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Grapes of Wrath Essay Did you like this example? A hero can be described as someone who is strong, generous, unselfish, and determined. Steinbeck does an excellent job of defining a hero in the novel through the character, Ma Joad. Even if she is not a part of the circle, her opinion is always relevant when it comes to making big decisions involving the family. Throughout the journey to California, Ma is what keeps the family in check. Starting from the beginning, Ma is seen as a strong woman, â€Å"Her hazel eyes seemed to have experienced all possible tragedy and to have mounted pain and suffering like steps into a high calm and a superhuman understanding† (74). Previous tragedies that occurred in her life developed her and made her resilient. Her intuition is seen when she starts to doubt all the wonderful things said about living in the west. ‘â€Å"I’m scared of stuff so nice. I ain’t got faith. I’m scared somepin ain’t so nice about it†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (91). Before the trip has even begun, she is well aware that something is not right. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Who is The Hero of The Grapes of Wrath?" essay for you Create order She is generous in how she let Jim Casy join them on their journey to California. Although Pa is worried about an extra mouth to feed, Ma is certain of her decision ‘â€Å"It ain’t kin we? It’s will we?† †¦ as far as ‘will,’ why, we’ll do what we will. An’ as far as ‘will’ its’s a long time our folks been here and east before, an’ I never heerd tell of no Joads or no Hazletts, neither, never refusin’ food an’ shelter or a lift on the road to anybody that asked†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (102). When Ivy and Sairy Wilson could no longer continue with the Joad family, Ma left money and food for them. Ma is aware that the Wilsons do not have much and will need every little bit of help they can get in order to survive. Another act of unselfishness, is when she displays a sense of concern for the starving children in Hooverville. Despite having just enough to feed her own family, she gives what little i s left of the stew to the children. ‘â€Å"you little fellas go an’ get you each a flat stick an’ I’ll put what’s lef for you†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (257). Knowing that she has food and is capable of feeding the children, she gives in and does what must be done. Ma is determined to get to California as soon as possible. â€Å"She seemed to know that if she swayed the family shook, and if she ever really deeply wavered or despaired the family would fall, the family will to function would be gone† (74). She is able to keep her composure on the trip knowing that Granma is dead, fully understanding that making a scene would not help in any way and would only further delay their arrival. Ma is also very protective of Rose of Sharon throughout the novel. When Connie leaves, the family insults him, and Ma tells everyone to stop seeing how torn apart her daughter is. ‘â€Å"Ma look into the tent, where Rose of Sharon lay on her mattress. Ma said, â€Å"Sh. Don’t say that†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (272). Again, when a crazy lady in the camp frightened Rose of Sharon, saying how dancing will cause her baby to be stillborn. Ma takes Rosasharn to the dance and makes sure she does not dance and that no one touches her. ‘â€Å"Ma and Rose of Sharon sat on a bench and watched. And as each boy asked Rose of Sharon as partner, Ma said, â€Å"No, she ain’t well†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (341).

Unethical Consequences of the Three Strikes Laws - 910 Words

THREE STRIKES SENTENCING POLICIES ETHICAL CONCERNS (700 words) Part I (400 words) Unethical Consequences of Three Strikes Laws Zimring (1996) illustrates the inconsistency with which three strikes laws have been applied, producing unjustifiable differences in sentences for individuals with very similar criminal histories. Even more importantly, Zimrings comparison illustrates that the three strikes law in question is typically applied without any objective principle of justice or justification in terms of the acceptable purposes of penal laws. In California and elsewhere, three strikes laws sometimes result in life sentences for individuals whose crimes do not pose sufficient threat to others or to society to justify lifetime incarceration. The principal problem with these three strikes laws is that do not provide the necessary mechanisms or criteria to ensure that they do not produce unintended and unjustifiable results for specific individuals or unintentionally and unjustifiably different sentences for individuals who are guilty of identical conduct, as explain ed by Zimring (1996). Potential Solutions to the Problem One potential solution to this problem would be to simply change the criteria used for classifying crimes that are eligible to trigger three strikes liability from the very broad criteria of felonies to a more narrow classification linked to the seriousness of the crime. For example, three strikes could be limited only to violent crimes againstShow MoreRelatedMorality And Ethical Connotations Of War1578 Words   |  7 Pagespolitics, economics, laws and the ethics that surround war itself. 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Positive Accounting Theory Sample Essay Example For Students

Positive Accounting Theory Sample Essay This paper examines the development of positive accounting theory ( PAT ) and compares it with three standard histories of scientific discipline: Popper ( 1959 ) . Kuhn ( 1996 ) . and Lakatos ( 1970 ) . PAT has been one of the most influential accounting research plans during the last four decennaries. One of import ground which Watts A ; Zimmerman ( 1986 ) have used to popularise and legalize their attack is that their position of accounting theory is the same as that used in scientific discipline. Therefore. it is of import to analyze how far accounting has been successful in copying natural scientific discipline and how the development of PAT compares with the three standard histories of scientific discipline. This paper shows that accounting could non emulate the success of natural scientific discipline. Further. the methodological places of PAT conform to none of the standard histories of scientific discipline. Rather. PAT contains elements of all three. Finally. this paper ide ntifies some methodological spreads in PAT. Keywords: Positive Accounting Theory. Doctrine of Science. Methodological Controversies RecognitionsI would wish to thank two anon. referees of the diary for their helpful remarks. Earlier versions of this paper benefited from remarks from Lee Parker of the University of South Australia. Keith Hooper of Auckland University of Technology. Divesh Sharma of Kennesaw State University. and Santi Narayan Ghosh of the University of Dhaka. IntroductionThis paper examines the development of positive accounting theory ( PAT ) and compares it with three standard histories of scientific discipline. There is some confusion about what PAT is. If the definition of accounting theory ( i. e. . accounting theory seeks to explicate and foretell accounting and scrutinizing pattern ) given in Watts and Zimmerman’s 1986 book is taken to intend PAT. surveies of accounting picks and scrutinizing patterns constitute PAT. At the same clip. they besides seek to explicate the economics-based empirical literature in accounting and they describe. in add-on to accounting pick surveies. capital market-based accounting research. They point out that Ball and Brown ( 1968 ) ab initio popularized positive research in accounting. proposing that PAT includes both capital market-based accounting research and research in accounting picks. This paper takes PAT to include both research plans. This use is consistent with Watts and Zimmermanâ€⠄¢s ( 1986 ) averment that when they use the term â€Å"positive† to distinguish it from â€Å"prescriptive† theory. Positive Accounting Theory and Science PAT has been one of the most influential accounting research plans during the last four decennaries. It has spawned a great trade of empirical research on the association between accounting Numberss and stock monetary values and returns. and determiners of accounting picks by direction. It has spawned a figure of accounting diaries. among which the Journal of Accounting and Economics is the most outstanding. Brinn. Jones. and Pendlebury ( 1996 ) . in a study of UK academics’ perceptual experiences of journal quality. found that the top four accounting diaries are the undermentioned: Journal of Accounting and Economics. Journal of Accounting Research. the Accounting Review. and Accounting. Organizations and Society. Articles published in the top three diaries are preponderantly in the positive tradition. The sheer figure of articles in these two paradigms published in major accounting diaries and the laterality of PAT in PhD plans in US and other universities testify to the dom inant place of PAT. Thus. judged by the figure of research articles. the figure and laterality of the diaries it spawned. and the laterality of PAT in doctorial plans. PAT has been vastly influential. Before the outgrowth of PAT. normative accounting research had been the dominant research tradition in accounting. Normative accounting theoreticians had been preoccupied with developing accounting principles1. The primary concern of these research workers had been acknowledgment and measuring issues in accounting. Typical accounting inquiries asked and answered by normative accounting theoreticians include whether to acknowledge alterations in market monetary values if the entity is non a party to the dealing. what footing ( e. g. . historical cost. market value. etc. ) to utilize in fixing fiscal statements. etc. ( Chambers. 1966 ; Ijiri. 1975 ; Littleton. 1953 ; MacNeal. 1939 ; Paton A ; Littleton. 1940 ) . In contrast with normative accounting theory which deals with â€Å"should† type inquiries. Glib trades with â€Å"is† type inquiries. Alternatively of inquiring which measurement footing to utilize in accounting. PAT asked. for illustration. whether accounting i nformation is utile to the stock market. which accounting measurement footing direction really uses. and why. Therefore. PAT represents a major displacement in accounting research paradigm. One of import comparing to which Watts and Zimmerman ( 1986 ) have appealed to legalize and advance PAT is the sameness of their position of theory and that in scientific discipline. They have cited assorted doctrine of scientific discipline writers to asseverate that their position of theory is the same as that in scientific discipline and to warrant their method ; and to discredit. to a certain extent. normative theory. Thus. given that PAT has been of involvement to accounting theoreticians for around four decennaries. it is of import to analyze how far PAT has been successful in copying natural scientific disciplines and what the bounds have been. It is besides of import to revisit the methodological places of PAT. It would be interesting to see how the development form of PAT compares with histories of scientific discipline to which Watts and Zimmerman appealed to legalize and advance their theory. T his is because such a comparing will heighten our apprehension of how PAT progressed and what methodological spread remain. PAT has been capable to assorted unfavorable judgments since its outgrowth. For illustration. Chambers ( 1993 ) called the advocators of PAT a PA cult. Sterling ( 1990 ) criticized PAT on the land that it restricted itself to the positive survey of accounting pattern and accounting practicians and hinders accounting advancement by pretermiting the demand for the appraisal of accounting pattern. Sterling ( 1990 ) further assessed its possible achievement as being nil. Whittington ( 1987 ) criticized PAT for its methodological intolerance and asserted that normative accounting theory had a legitimate topographic point in accounting. Neu ( 1997 ) provided a mostly negative assessment of PAT. Sue ( 1997 ) said that PAT narrowed the researchers’ focal point. Hall ( 1997 ) . on the other manus. disagreed with Sterling’s ( 1990 ) appraisal that the possible part of PAT was nil. Deegan ( 1997 ) examined how PAT had ignited emotions among faculty members. It attracted many faculty members and alienated some at the same clip. Milne ( 2002 ) judged PATâ⠂¬â„¢s effort to explicate an entity’s societal revelations as failure. However. non many articles compared the development of PAT with different histories of scientific discipline in malice of the fact that Watts and Zimmerman appealed to science as a manner of advancing their theory. Mouck ( 1990 ) is the noteworthy exclusion. He likened PAT to the Lakatosian research plan. Others ( e. g. . Christenson. 1983 ; Sterling. 1990 ) criticized PAT for non following the methodological dictates of Popper. However. none of these documents have attempted to compare the development form of PAT with Popper ( 1959 ) . Kuhn ( 1996 ) . and Lakatos ( 1970 ) . This paper attempts to make this. This paper focuses chiefly on Watts and Zimmerman’s 1986 book and the empirical accounting literature of accounting picks and capital market-based accounting research. The empirical accounting literature is surveyed to find how it has developed during the last four decennaries. Positive Accounting Theory and Science This paper discusses three interconnected methodological issues: ( a ) how PAT progressed over clip. ( B ) the function of counterevidence/anomalies in PAT. and ( degree Celsius ) how a theory is to be chosen from among viing theories. These three issues are chosen because. as mentioned above. Popper ( 1959 ) . Kuhn ( 1996 ) . and Lakatos ( 1970 ) do non give the same history of these issues as they apply to science. The remainder of this paper is structured as follows: The following subdivision provides a brief study of the development of positive accounting theory. and this study serves as the footing for treatment in Sections 3-7. Section 3 discusses the part of PAT to accounting pattern and Section 4 examines the troubles of PAT. Sections 5-7 comparison the developmental form with three standard histories of the development of scientific discipline. The last subdivision contains decisions. Development of PAT2PAT started with analyzing some premises underlying normative accounting prescriptions during the sixtiess. Two sets of empirical studies3 were conducted. One set of surveies ( e. g. . Ball A ; Brown. 1968 ; Beaver. 1968 ; Foster. 1977 ; Beaver. Clarke. A ; Wright. 1979 ; Beaver. Lambert. A ; Morse. 1980 ; Grant. 1980 ; McNichols A ; Manegold. 1983 ) examined the association between accounting net incomes Numberss and stock monetary values. Consequences indicated that net incomes Numberss reflected factors ( e. g. . hard currency flow and hazard ) relevant to stock rating. This. harmonizing to Watts and Zimmerman ( 1986 ) . undermined the claim in normative accounting literature that accounting net incomes Numberss were meaningless because they were computed utilizing multiple rating bases. The 2nd set of surveies ( e. g. . Kaplan A ; Roll. 1972 ; Sunder. 1973. 1975 ; Ricks. 1982 ; Biddle A ; Lindahl. 1982 ) attempted to know apart between two viing hypothese s: the no-effects hypothesis and the mechanistic hypothesis. 4 Evidence in these surveies is assorted and could non successfully know apart between the viing hypotheses. The above sets of surveies have used the Efficient Market Hypothesis ( EMH ) and the Capital Asset Pricing Model ( CAPM ) as their implicit in foundation. Furthermore. it was assumed that undertaking costs5 were zero. Overall. these surveies raised uncertainties about the empirical descriptiveness of the undermentioned premises underlying normative prescriptions during the sixtiess: ( a ) There is merely one beginning of information about a company. ( B ) net incomes Numberss are useless because they were non prepared harmonizing to a individual footing. and ( degree Celsius ) it is possible to misdirect the stock market by pull stringsing the net incomes figure through accounting picks. Information content surveies reveal that these premises are improbable to be descriptive of the existent universe. The EMH implies that there is competition for information. There are alternate beginnings of information about the house such as information releases by direction and interviews of corpo rate forces by analysts. Sexual Inequality In The Old Testament EssayThe account must be couched in footings of beliefs and grounds that weighed in the head of the director at the clip of doing accounting picks. The cogency of account does non depend on the regularity of the peculiar accounting pick behaviour in the same state of affairss by the agent himself or herself and others ( Lessnoff. 1974 ) . This is because the human being does non ever fall back to the same action in the same state of affairs. Two individuals can take two different actions in the same state of affairs and the same action in different state of affairss. The methodological place of PAT research workers is similar to the behaviouristic place. The thought is that mental procedures can be defined in footings of discernible behaviour. This methodological place underlies net incomes direction research. For illustration. when empirical research finds that directors tend to switch income from future periods to the current period when the conditions in the debt compact reach their bound. the premise is that the stringency of the conditions caused the current period incomeincreasing accounting picks ( Duke A ; Hunt 1990 ; Press A ; Weintrop. 1990 ) . Watts and Zimmerman ( 1986 ) stress big sample and statistical methods. However. utilizing big sample and statistical methods can non to the full resolve the job raised by Fay ( 1996 ) and Lessnoff ( 1974 ) . For illustration. net incomes direction research has relied on dividing discretional accumulations from non-discretionary accumulations and designed assorted arrested development theoretical accounts to gauge non-discretionary accumulations. The predicted magnitude of accumulations from the theoretical accounts has been treated as non-discretionary accumulations and the error term from those arrested development theoretical accounts has been interpreted as discretional and. hence. timeserving ( Ball A ; Shivakumar. 2006 ) . The cogency of the reading of the error term as discretional and timeserving depends on the premise that the relationship between accumulations and theoretical account variables is mechanistic. which is indefensible. Accounting criterions ( e. g. . International Accounting Standards Board . 2009 ) acknowledge that direction uses its judgements and appraisals in the accounting procedure. Second. the generalizability of PAT hypotheses is limited by accounting environments and clip. For illustration. the three widely tested hypotheses of net incomes direction ( i. e. . the fillip program hypothesis. debt-equity hypothesis. and the political cost hypothesis ) have peculiar institutional environmental ba ckgrounds and may non be every bit valid in all civilizations ( Sunder. 1999 ; Sawabe A ; Yamaji. 1999 ) . Ali and Hwang ( 2000 ) found that value relevancy of net incomes and book value of equity depended on country-specific factors. More recent research has found that net incomes quality depends on institutional factors such as ownership construction. tax-book conformance. importance of the stock market in the country’s economic system. regulation of jurisprudence. etc. ( Ball. Robin. A ; Wu. 2003 ; Soderstrom A ; Sun. 2007 ) . Begley and Freedman ( 2004 ) found that the function of accounting Numberss in public debt contracts changed during the 1975-2000 period. The frequence of accounting-based limitations on dividends and adoptions declined significantly from the 1975-1979 sample to 1999-2000. Thus. in contrast with natural scientific discipline. the generalizability of PAT is limited by institutional environments and clip. Pat: Normal Science or Extraordinary Science?Harmonizing to Popper ( 1959 ) . scientific discipline as practiced by scientists is extraordinary in nature in that scientists invariably attempt to rebut theory. On the other manus. Kuhn’s ( 1996 ) place was that normal scientific discipline constitutes most of the scientific activity of the scientific community. It is to be noted that Popper ( 1970 ) acknowledged the being of normal scientific discipline. However. his attitude towards normal scientific discipline was strikingly different from Kuhn’s. While Kuhn viewed normal scientific discipline as indispensable to scientific advancement. Popper considered the noncritical attitude of normal scientists unfortunate. The brief study of the development of PAT drawn in subdivision 2 seems to propose that what Kuhn ( 1996 ) called normal scientific discipline characterizes the development of PAT in of import facets. Harmonizing to him. normal scientific discipline involved elaborate attempts to joint the paradigm with the purpose of bettering the lucifer between it and nature. He argued that a paradigm would ever be sufficiently imprecise and open-ended to go forth plentifulness of that sort of work to be done. Kuhn depicted normal scientific discipline as a puzzle-solving activity governed by the regulations of the paradigm. The mystifiers are of both a theoretical and experimental nature. Kuhn ( 1996 ) asserted that normal scientists must be noncritical of the paradigm in which they work. It is merely by being so that they can concentrate their attempts on the elaborate articulation of the paradigm and to execute esoteric work necessary to examine nature in deepness. PAT has defined the legitimate jobs and methods for the research workers. The jobs that concern the positive research workers are the undermentioned: Why does direction take certain accounting methods. non others? Why does direction exchange from one accounting method to another? What incentives and restraints does direction face in doing accounting picks? Do accounting net incomes contain information for stock pricing? These inquiries have occupied the positive accounting research workers for the last four decennaries. Watts and Zimmerman ( 1978 ) propagated the thought that management’s inducements determined their lobbying place on an accounting criterion. Later research workers expanded this thought and developed many hypotheses associating management’s inducements and his or her accounting pick behaviour. Since 1978. PAT research workers have engaged themselves in the enlargement and articulation of this theory. Two illustrations illustrate the above point. The first 1 is the measuring of the dependant variable ( i. e. . accounting pick by direction ) in surveies of net incomes direction. Early research workers ( e. g. . Deakin. 1979 ; Hagerman A ; Zmijewski. 1979 ; Dhaliwa l. 1980 ) investigated the pick of a individual accounting process ( e. g. . depreciation methods. stock list bing methods ) at a clip. This led to the 142 Positive Accounting Theory and Science unfavorable judgment that directors manipulate net incomes Numberss non through a individual accounting process but through a figure of accounting processs that are available to direction. Zmijewski and Hagerman ( 1981 ) improved upon old surveies by look intoing a portfolio of accounting processs. Healy ( 1985 ) went farther and used accounting accumulations as the dependant variable to capture the effects of a host of discretional determinations – both accounting and existent – by direction. While accumulations provide a drumhead step of managerial discretion and are perchance an betterment over old surveies. it suffers from certain defects ( Kaplan. 1985 ) . Healy ( 1985 ) uses entire accumulations as a placeholder for discretional accumulations. Researchers ( e. g. . Kaplan. 1985 ; McNichols A ; Wilson. 1988 ) have asked whether entire accumulations are all discretional in nature. This so engages positive research workers to plan better theoretical accounts of disc retional accumulations. DeAngelo ( 1986 ) . Dechow A ; Dichev ( 2002 ) . Dechow A ; Sloan ( 1991 ) . Dechow. Sloan. A ; Sweeney ( 1995 ) . Jones ( 1991 ) . Kothari. Leone. A ; Wasley ( 2005 ) . and Teoh et Al. ( 1998 ) have developed different theoretical accounts of discretional accumulations. Second. as mentioned earlier. the three most tested hypotheses are the fillip program hypothesis. the debt-equity hypothesis. and the size hypothesis. Early surveies used rough placeholders of variables stand foring managerial fillip. debt compact restraint. and political cost. However. as clip passed. research workers refined both theory and the variables. For illustration. early research workers used a dummy variable to stand for the being of fillip program to prove the fillip program hypothesis. Later research workers ( e. g. . Healy. 1985 ) examined the inside informations of fillip program and generated hypotheses associating fillip program inside informations and way of net incomes direction. Similar attempts are extant ( e. g. . Duke A ; Hunt 1990 ; Press A ; Weintrop 1990 ) in jointing the debt-equity hypothesis. Furthermore. early research workers ( e. g. . Watts A ; Zimmerman. 1978 ) used size as a placeholder for political cost. This wascriticized on the land that size might be a placeholder for variables other than political cost ( Watts A ; Zimmerman. 1990 ) . Later surveies examined managers’ accounting pick behaviour in response to state of affairss that reflect firms’ sensitiveness to specific political state of affairss. Jones ( 1991 ) investigated the accounting pick behaviour of directors of domestic manufacturers that would profit from import protection. The above illustrations illustrate ( a ) how one survey built on old surveies and ( B ) how PAT defines the peculiar inquiries addressed. These illustrations besides illustrate that while PAT research workers have been committed to the basic model for look intoing accounting pic ks ( i. e. . direction inducements explain accounting picks ) . they have been critical within that model. Therefore. they have made constructive unfavorable judgments of colleagues’ plants and engaged themselves to developing better theoretical accounts.

Is Television Good Or Bad Essays - Communication,

Is Television Good Or Bad? Matchmaker.com: Sign up now for a free trial. Date Smarter! Is Television Good Or Bad? Television is not a bad thing, but in fact is a resource that can be used to educate and entertain people of all ages. There are many programs on television, which do not educate, because everyone needs to be entertained. I feel that television is a resource that is not used to the full extent that it could be. Television programs that educate are scarce and those that do educate are often on during the day when children are at school. Television stations should organise their programs so that the education shows are shown when children get home from school (3:30 - 4:30) so that the children will be able to learn while enjoying themselves at home. Schools often use television as a way of educating students because on television, they can demonstrate many things that cannot be done in the classroom, and often show things that cannot be experienced in the country or area where the school is located. I think that this is an excellent use of television and more use should be made of it in education, because it offers many advantages to classroom teaching. The drama serials on television are neither entertaining or educational. These shows simply depict "real life" (in the broadest sense of the term) and therefore do not teach or entertain (otherwise life itself would be entertaining!) I think that these programs should not be shown. Comedy programs, however, make viewers laugh, feel better, and make people generally happier. These programs should be encouraged, instead of the 'real life' dramas. Sports programs and broadcasts of sporting matches are very good. With them, fans of the sports can watch only parts of a match, or watch while they are at work. Without these services, people who are ill or disbled or people that had to work on weekends would miss out on sport all together. These programs show only relevant parts of the match and often include player information and information about the tournament or season. These programs are a great service to the public and encourage a healthy life-style. In general, television is an excellent resource, even though it is not always used to it's full potential, it entertains and (sometimes) educates. Television would be one of the most useful resources if some important changes were made.

How to Send AP Scores to Colleges

How to Send AP Scores to Colleges SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you've taken AP exams, you might be wondering how to send AP scores to colleges. How do you ensure that colleges get your AP scores? Is it possible to send official AP score reports? Here, we give you a complete guide that goes over how to send AP scores, which colleges want to see these scores with your applications, and how you can save money on sending scores. Do You Need Official AP Score Reports for Your Applications? First off,do colleges want the official AP score report when you're applying,or is it just for the purpose of verifying scores once you've enrolled? This is important to know before you spend any money to send your scores. Turns out, AP scores often appear on your high school transcript.Ask your guidance counselor whether your school includes AP scores on its transcripts or not. Furthermore, there is a place on the Common Application where you can self-report your AP scores. Given this information, and by looking at college websites and contacting admissions offices, we’ve learned that most colleges want applicants to self-report AP scores on their applications,and only send in an official report once they've committed to attending. This means you’ll only submit one official AP score report in your life, once you’ve chosen the college you want to go to. Here's what a Harvard admissions representative said when we called their office: "For the application we need at least one official report for the SAT or ACT. If you take the SAT Subject Tests, you should send one as well ... For AP tests, you can self-report your scores." Stanford and MIT said the same thing as well. Princeton puts this policy directly on their website: "We recommend that you self-report all of your AP or IB scores on your application. You must submit your SAT and/or ACT scores to Princeton directly from the testing firms." Yale has a similar policyon its website: "If you have Advanced Placement (AP) scores, we recommend that you self-report them in the space provided in the testing section of the Common Application, Coalition Application, or QuestBridge National College Match Application." Don’t confuse sending AP scores with sending SAT/ACT scores- those scores have to be sent for admission directly from the testing agency (the College Board or ACT, Inc., respectively). Exception: Schools With Flexible Standardized Testing Policies Although most colleges don't require AP scores and prefer applicants to self-report any scores they have on their applications, there is an exception to this ifyou're applying to a college that has a flexible standardized test policy.For example, if you're applying to NYU, you can submitthree AP test scores in place of the SAT/ACT for admission. If you're submitting AP scores as your standardized test scores, they must be on an official score report or on a report by a school official.In other words, you can't just self-report your scores. Therefore, if you’re a senior looking to send AP scores to your chosen college, or if you’re applying to a school that has a flexible-testing policy, such as NYU, you’ll need to know how to send scores. Keep reading to learn how! You can use your AP scores, instead of the ACT or SAT, to apply to NYU. How to Send AP Scores Using Your AP Answer Sheet Every year you take AP Exams, you have the opportunity to send one free AP score report. You do this by entering the four-digit code of the college, university, or scholarship program on your AP answer sheet. (Your AP Booklet will include an index with codes for most colleges and universities, but you can also look up codes here.)This is a great way to get all your AP scores sent during your senior year to the college you’ve chosen to attend, free of charge! I called the College Board and confirmed that when you use this service, it sends allAP scores you have ever gotten and not just that year’s scores. If you're a senior, you will have made your college choice by the time of AP exams(the reply deadline is May 1, and AP exams are held the first two weeks of May), so go ahead and send your scores to your future school. You can send these free scores if you want during your freshman, sophomore, and/or junior year, but keep in mind that it’s not really necessary to do this since you’ll be self-reporting your AP scores on your college applications anyway. Furthermore, I strongly recommend not sending your AP scores to your dream/reach schools when you're a freshman, sophomore, or juniorfor the same reason I'm hesitant about sending the free ACT/SAT score reports- you're sending your scores blind, and you don't want to send bad ones! Although one bad AP score isn’t exactly going to ruin your college admission chances, I think it’s safer to wait and report AP scores on your actual application. If you're a freshman, sophomore, or junior, just focus on doing well on the AP tests- not sending scores. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. How to Order AP Score Reports Online, Anytime If you forget to use the free score report option your senior year, or if you’re sending AP scores for an application, follow the steps below to learn how to send scores online at any point in the year. First,log in to your College Board account to view and send your AP scores. On the first page after you log in, click on the "Send Scores to Colleges Now" button to get started. Your scores are right below this, organized by year. Look up the college (or colleges) you're sending scores to, pay the fee, and then receive a confirmation and expected delivery date. The fee for standard delivery of AP score reports is $15 per report, andthe fee for rush delivery is $25 per report. Standard delivery takes about seven to 14 business days, while rush delivery takes approximately five to nine business days. Standard delivery should be just finesince you are most likely sending these senior year in time for your registrar’s office to receive them before classes start your freshman year of college. Check with your college’s registrar to get the deadline for submitting AP scores. If you're submitting AP scores for college applications, be mindful of deadlines so you can send your scores using standard delivery and save some money. Note that since June/July is a busy time for score reports, orders placed between June 15, 2018, and July 2, 2018, won't be processed and sent until July 3. To make up for this, these reports will be processed on July 3 as rush delivery but will cost the cheaper standard delivery fee ($15). If you're a senior, check your college's deadline for receipt of AP scores for credit and placement to make sure that your scores will arrive on time given the June/July score crunch. Additional Ways to Order AP Score Reports If you can't order AP score reports online for some reason, you may instead submit a request to the College Board by either mail or fax. #1: By Mail To order AP score reports by mail,submit a written, signed request with your payment method. Your request should include the following information: Your full name You mailing address Your phone number Your sex You date of birth AP number(s) Your Social Security number (if you provided it on your answer sheet) Name and address of your high school Full name(s) of the AP exam(s) for which you're sending scores Year(s) you took the AP exam(s) Credit card number with expiration date, check, or money order Name, city, state, and four-digit code(s) for the college(s) you're sending AP scores to You'll then mail the request to the following address: AP ServicesPO Box 6671Princeton, NJ 08541-6671 #2: By Fax If you'd rather order AP scores by fax,submit a signed, written request that includes all the information listed above to the AP Services fax number:610-290-8979. You must also include your credit card number and expiration date in your request. 2 Other AP Score Report Options You have a couple of additional options you can use if you don't want to send one or more of your AP scores. #1: AP Score Withholding You can withhold one or more AP scores from any college you're sending AP scores to. This is a helpful solution if you have a bunch of 4s and 5s but also a 2 you're embarrassed about. It costs $10 per score per college to withhold a score.You have tomail an official request to the College Boardto take advantage of this option. The score you choose to withhold won't be included on any future AP score reports sent to that college,and it won't be deleted from your records. You can later release the score to that college (if desired) by sending AP Services a signed written request. Note that it won't cost you any extra money to release a withheld score. Is this option worth it, though? Not if you’re sending your AP scores to a college you’ve already gotten into. By the time you’ve gotten accepted, that school is probably more concerned with the tests you passed and aren’t going to kick you out just because you have some lower AP scores. However, if you’re applying to a school with a flexible standardized test policy and only want them to see your top scores, this might be a good option for you. Especially since these schools often only require a few AP scores, it would be fine to leave off any lower scores you have so you can present your best case for admission. #2: AP Score Cancellation It's also possible to completely cancel an AP score. Canceling an AP test score deletes it forever. You can cancel an AP exam at any time, but you have to cancel by June 15 the year you take the AP test to prevent it from showing up on the score report being sent to the college you designated on your AP answer sheet. While canceling technically doesn't cost any money, you're losing the money you spent to take the exam. Our advice? Don’t go through the hassle of canceling a score if you’re just submitting your AP score report to your chosen college. Again, they’re not going to revoke your admission thanks to one low AP score. You can make your own call on this if you have a low score (1 or 2) you don’t want a college to see, and you’re submitting a score report for an application. That said,colleges generally want to see that you’ve taken the AP exam after taking an AP class. Withholding might be the better option since you’ll still have access to that test score in case you decide you want to keep it. Finally,never, ever delete a score of 3 or higher! Don't just assume that no place will accept your 3. The truth is that many colleges accept scores of 3 or higher on AP exams. And since you don’t know how the college admissions process will shake out for you until senior year, you might regret hastily deleting a 3 you could have used for credit! What’s Next? Taking AP exams is great, but did you know many colleges look for SAT Subject Tests as well? Get a complete list of colleges that require SAT subject tests for admission here. Have you taken the SAT or ACT yet? Happy with your score? Learn what a good or bad ACT/SAT score looks like at your top schools. Will taking AP classes help you get into Harvard? Maybe- but they’re not the only component you need. Get an in-depth guide for getting into the nation’s top schools by our resident SAT full scorer and PrepScholar co-founder, Allen Cheng. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

An Analysis of the Rampant Food Waste America Produce

An Analysis of the Rampant Food Waste America Produce In my opinion the relationship between America and food is horrendous. Yes, throughout the states and different regions of America there are many takes on food, transforming it into creative and tasteful dishes. Maybe garnished with a sprig of some fancy tree that you’re not going to eat because who eats that junk? So, like many other foods, the garnish is thrown out and wasted. The wastefulness of our modern society branches out all through industries such as fast food, markets, and restaurants.Countless times fast food restaurants dump out food that was not sold: burgers, fries, chicken nuggets. All this food which was still edible is discarded. To think we could have still used this food or given it to someone who needed it, but rather kept it from them and took away the chance of anyone using it seems monstrous, but hey, that’s America. Everything revolves around some form of profit, so theres no time to get rid of that food for free. On the other side of fast food restaurants, there are the top of the line restaurants who work more on the aesthetic side of their food rather than the quality and taste which begins to create a sort of expectation from the people. We want our food to be flawless, and satisfy our eyes. There can be no burnt pieces of meat, no discolored pieces of ripe fruit, nothing that we see as flawed, and if it is, then its thrown out and wasted. So as we have the fast food restaurants literally just throwing out food, we have our top of the line restaurants shaping how we view good and bad food which ultimately leads us to also end up throwing out food. Not only do these top of the line restaurants influence how we view good food, but the agribusinesses as well, such as Walmart. We walk into a store and see an extreme abundance of colorful fruits and vegetables yet that does not phase us, although a majority of those fruits and vegetable wont be bought because of some small flaw which doesnt really affect anything about them. We take this abundance of food for granted and rather than actually having the thought of buying food for our own sustenance, we have the thought of buying the best looking fruit. So instead of buying those 5 apples which all have flaws, we choose not to buy them and ultimately they get wasted, just like so many other foods that we take for granted in America.

Global investment house ksc Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Global investment house ksc - Assignment Example The income statement on the other hand focuses on the period, usually 12 months within which the accounts were prepared. However, the information about what happened in the past years and the asset and liability position does not provide all the needs of all the users of the financial statements. There is the need for some further information and guidelines that provides hints to users of financial statements and other interested stakeholders. One of the main areas that is of great importance is a prediction of the survivability of the business into the foreseeable future. This is known in general as the â€Å"Going Concern† convention. In the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), there is a standard that ensures that going concern is reported in the financial statement. IAS 1 requires that financial statements a disclose the Going Concern status of the entity in a given period. This provides a standardized basis for a universal approach to reporting going concer n that can aid comparability on a year-by-year basis as well as a company-to-company basis. Research Problem Clearly, Going Concern reporting as stipulated by IAS 1 seeks to ensure that financial statements reflect the survivability of the entity the report is prepared about. ... Aims and Objectives of Study The aim of the research is to undertake a critical review of the concept of Going Concern and how it is attained in Financial Reporting. In order to attain this end, the following objectives will be explored: 1. A critical review literature review of the Accounting concept of Going Concern; 2. An examination of the effectiveness of Going Concern reporting in businesses; 3. A practical evaluation of Going Concern reporting in a Kuwaiti entity 4. An analysis of a financial report of a Kuwaiti entity to ascertain the Going Concern reporting procedures. Going Concern Convention â€Å"The going concern postulate or continuity postulation, holds that business entity will continue its operations long enough to realize its projects, commitments and ongoing activities† (Riahi, 2010 p212). Going concern is therefore a convention which indicates that a business will continue to remain operational and pay its bills and remain liquid into the future. â€Å"Goi ng concern is not only about the net book value of a firm's assets, but also such elements like goodwill and likely future profitability, assuming the existing management remain in control of the entity† (Brower and Brueschke, 2012). This means that going concern is evaluated and analyzed by the examination of the firm's assets as well as other indicators of continuous operations. Thus, it will involve the hard and soft elements of an entity including the assets and other intangibles like going concern which provides clues on how a firm will remain operational even if the company is assured of getting customers to remain liquid. Another angle through which a business' going concern can be evaluated is â€Å"...the amount of

SWOT analysis is deeply flawed and should not be applied as a modern Essay - 1

SWOT analysis is deeply flawed and should not be applied as a modern marketing tool - Essay Example These include evaluating the progress of the existing strategy (Aaker, 2001, p.18). Evaluation should be done from a qualitative perspective such evaluation of completeness, internal consistency, rationale and the suitability. More so, quantities point of view should be put into consideration including the strategic and financial outcomes for the strategy (Sanchez and Heene, 2010, p.11). With stronger company’s overall performance, there is no need for changes. Secondly, the evaluation is important because company’s competitive capabilities and the core competencies are identified. The capabilities which are most logical lay a foundation for company’s achievement (Aaker, 2001, p.19). The most strategic competences are competitive rare and hard to imitate or to find substitute. Previously, a good strategy to size up company’s resource strength was the SWOT analysis. It is powerful in determining the company’s strengths and competitive deficiencies, opportunities and other external threats empowering its future (Thompson, Strickland and Gamble, 2010, p.10). However, recent investigation has pointed out some weakness in SWOT analysis. Despite the longevity and extensive use of the analysis in firms and classrooms, SWOT analysis has been shown to yield misleading consequences that some of the authors have advised scrapping it (Smith, 2006, p.2). DOE analyzes the firms system resulting to better information when surveying internal and external nexus (Valentin, 2005 p.54). The paper addresses the intrinsic worth of SWOT analysis framework. SWOT analysis is a criteria used to define business internal context in terms of strength, weakness, opportunities and threats. It provides strategic insight of a business to fragment facts and figures for effective planning. Such superior and strategic approach enhances competitive advantage to a firm (Smith, 2006, p.4; Valentin 2005, p 53). Organization strengths include all the skills

To Dam, or Not To Dam Essay -- Marc Reisner Ecology Environmental Essa

To Dam, or Not To Dam â€Å"The River, slightly milky from glacial sediment, tumbles down rocky chutes, boils through tight canyons, and glides across beds of agatelike stones. In the distance, poking through storm clouds, are plunging slopes dense with virgin hemlock and fir†¦Intruding into this primeval scene are two decrepit dams† (Reisner, 382). In this essay by Marc Reisner, his standpoint on the issue of dams is very well seen. Reisner talks of the ecological damages that dams create. The debate over dams has been heated in recent years, their harmful effects and overall abundance is the topic for such debates. But are dams as bad as everyone says they are, do dams do more harm than good, or more good than harm? Emphasis should be placed on comparing the ecological effects verses the economical benefits. There are many pros and cons for the ecological side of this debate. One pro is that dams help areas that would otherwise be waterless and barren support life. Taken from a pamphlet prepared by the Committee on Public Awareness and Education, â€Å"Water is the vital resource to support all forms of life on earth. Unfortunately, it is not evenly distributed over the world by season or location. Some parts of the world are prone to drought making water a scarce and precious commodity, while in other parts of the world it appears in raging torrents causing floods and loss of life and property. Throughout the history of the world, dams and reservoirs have been successfully in collecting, storing and managing water needed to sustain civilization† (CPAE, 1). This is a major benefit to the ecology of the world, as the quote stated water is the basis of life, the human body depends on water for survival. Although ther... ...to benefit the United States. Even those who oppose dams benefit from them in one way or another, destroying them would give our nation’s economic system a detrimental blow. Finally for the solution for this dilemma, I don’t believe there is an general solution. Each dam should be looked at individually, if the costs outweigh the benefits, then it should be destroyed, and vice versa. The issue of dams will not be easily solved. Ever since the first dam was built there has been controversy, and as long as one stands so will the debate. References McKibben, Bill. Daybreak. In A Forest of Voices: Conversations in Ecology – 2nd Edition (pp. 156-169). Mayfield Publishing Company. Committee on Public Awareness and Education. (1997, May). Benefits and Concerns About Dams – an Argumentaire. Retrieved March 3, 2003, from http://www.icold-cigb.org/BandC.PDF

How Beneficial an Online Education Can Be for You

An online education is a wonderful opportunity. You have the flexibility of taking a course on your own time. The flexibility of an online education allows you to be able to attend classes no matter your work schedule, or home schedule. Anywhere you have access to the Internet you can take classes. With recent computer mobility in the form of netbooks and the iPad, the opportunity to receive an education is endless.Learning online enables you to become Internet and computer savvy, two skills that are necessity in the ever-changing world of technology. You have access to course material round the clock. In a virtual classroom setting, you are able to go over lectures, lessons and other dicussions multiple times. You can learn at your own pace and do not have to worry about missing a class because of illness or other personal reasons.Participating in an online lesson discussion is not as daunting as in a regular classroom setting. Students remain pretty much anonymous are not judged by age, race or gender. Many people feel intimidated to participate in a regular classroom for fear of being judged or not having time to catch up to what is being taught. On the Internet, students have a chance to give thought to a question before answering and submitting their comments. The virtual classroom makes it easier for students to approach their instructor.They feel it is easier to speak with their instructor through online chats and email; this form of communication boosts student and instructor interaction. Everybody wins in this type of environment. Students that need flexibility because they have to work or have to care for children or other members of their family, the opportunity to earn a degree virtually is invaluable. With all the benefits of an online education, it is no wonder there is an ever-increasing number of students are turning towards an education online.

Efficient Wireless Power Transfer Through Magnetic...

Imagine a situation where no electrical device has to be plugged into a wall. In this case, a laptop or cell phone can charge itself easily and seamlessly just by being placing inside a room. This is the ability of many experimental wireless power devices that will be adapted to domestic use in the future. Today, the prevailing methods of energy transfer are wires and batteries. Wired connections are perhaps the most common. With this energy transfer method, energy is delivered from a power plant to a home. In the case of batteries, energy is stored as chemical energy in the battery cell. Once it is needed, the chemical energy can be released as electrical energy. However, both these methods have flaws. Both suffer from mild inefficiency†¦show more content†¦This process eliminates the use of wires between the transmitter and receiver therefore making it wireless. For example, solar power is essentially radiative wireless energy transfer. The sun is the transmitter, the phot ovoltaic solar cell is the receiver, and the sunlight is a high frequency electromagnetic wave (Little et al.). The process can be adapted for everyday use if electricity is transformed into light by a light source and then absorbed by a photocell that transforms the light back into electricity. However, due to issues with efficiency, this application will never be practical unless a more efficient solar cell is developed. Of course, the efficiency can be increased if a focused beam of light is used instead, but this still lags far behind compared to the efficiency of a standard wired connection. For home use, this method is impractical, but in other fields, its advantages outweigh its disadvantages. Radiative energy transfer has many advantages and disadvantages. A distinct disadvantage that makes this method impractical for home use is that the transfer can affect other objects and requires that no object blocks the space between the receiver and transmitter (Kurs et al.). With this in mind, there are a number of things to be concerned about. First, it requires that no object blocks the line of sight between the receiver and the transmitter. Second, efficiency isShow MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Electricity On Our Lives1679 Words   |  7 Pagescurrent can create a magnetic field [3]. The combination of magnetic fields and electrical currents creates extremely fast waves of energy called electromagnetic radiation that can be seen in such forms as light, radio waves, x-rays, and gamma rays [3]. At the United States Department of Energy’s Ames Laboratory, a high-performance magnet alloy has been designed that can operate with good magnetic strength and actually helps make ele ctric drive motors be more cost effective and efficient [4]. 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